Cyprus History

History of the Turkish Republic of Cyprus: The Island's Past and Present

Cyprus is an island that has been under the influence of many civilizations and cultures throughout its history. Located in the east of the Aegean Sea, this strategically located island has been the target of many empires since ancient times due to its location on the important trade routes of the Mediterranean. The island has been under various sovereignties throughout history, and finally became a geography inhabited by two separate communities as part of the Cyprus Problem in the mid-20th century.

Historical Background

The history of Cyprus dates back to the 10th millennium BC. In ancient times, the island was dominated by many civilizations such as the Phoenicians, Persians, Egyptians and Hellenistic kingdoms. In the 4th century AD, Cyprus became part of the Roman Empire and fell under Byzantine and then Arab rule. The island was purchased by the English King Richard III in 1191 and remained under the rule of the United Kingdom for nearly 800 years.

Who were the first people in Cyprus?

Human settlement in Cyprus dates back to prehistoric times. Although it is difficult to have precise information about the first settlers of the island, it is believed that they were hunter-gatherers who arrived in the 10th millennium BC. Later, with the spread of agriculture and settled life from the 4th millennium BC, the island began to host more permanent settlements. In the 2nd millennium BC, Cyprus became part of the trade networks of contemporary civilizations such as the Hittites, Assyria and Egypt. However, it is difficult to pinpoint the exact first settlers because there are no written sources from Cyprus' prehistory and there are various theories about the interpretation of the archaeological evidence.

From whom did the Ottoman Empire take Cyprus?

The Ottoman Empire took Cyprus from the Republic of Venice in 1571, when the Ottoman Navy successfully captured the island of Cyprus. This date marks the conquest of Cyprus by the Ottomans and the island became a province of the Ottoman Empire. From this date onwards, Cyprus remained under Ottoman rule for nearly three centuries. However, with the Treaty of Berlin in 1878, Cyprus left the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire and came under the rule of the United Kingdom.

Cyprus Problem and Separation

In the middle of the century, ethnic tensions on the island of Cyprus began to rise. After Cyprus gained independence, political disputes emerged between the Greek and Turkish communities on the island. Established in 1960 Republic of Cypruswas created to represent both the Greek and Turkish communities of the island, but conflicts over the island's governance have led to its division.

In 1974, after a Greek-backed coup attempt, Turkey intervened in the island. As a result of this intervention, the island of Cyprus was de facto divided into two. The island was divided into the Republic of Cyprus and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) as two separate political entities. The TRNC was established in 1983 Rauf Raif Denktash but received limited international recognition.

The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) was proclaimed on November 15, 1983. The declaration of the TRNC meant that the Turkish community in the northern part of the island of Cyprus officially declared its political existence and independence. This declaration took place after the division of the island as part of the Cyprus Problem. The establishment of the TRNC came as a result of ethnic and political tensions in Cyprus and has been in existence on the island ever since.

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) the first President, who took office shortly after the establishment of the TRNC Rauf Denktaş'is. Rauf Denktashon November 15, 1983 TRNCafter the declaration of the President and was elected to this position in the elections that followed. Denktaş, TRNCHe served as the President of the Republic of Cyprus for many years from the establishment of the Republic of Cyprus and was an important figure as the leader of the Turkish Cypriot community.

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC)

The TRNC is an independent state located in the north of the island of Cyprus. The capital of the TRNC is Nicosia. The TRNC is recognized by the Republic of Turkey, but has received limited international recognition. The majority of the island's Turkish population lives in the TRNC.

Since the establishment of the TRNC, the search for a political solution has been ongoing across the island. However, no permanent agreement has yet been reached for the solution of the Cyprus Problem. While maintaining its self-governance and democratic structure, the TRNC continues to seek solutions for peace and stability on the island.

Cyprus History

The history of the Turkish Republic of Cyprus reflects the island's complex and turbulent past. The island has been home to various civilizations since ancient times and still struggles with political and ethnic divisions today. However, the TRNC strives to preserve the identity and rights of the Turkish community on the island by establishing its own administration and maintaining an international presence. In the future, the TRNC's historical and social structure will be open to further change and development, in the hope of finding a lasting island-wide solution.