Cyprus Kyrenia

Kyrenia, the shining star of Northern Cyprus, draws attention as a perfect combination of history and nature. Famous for its historical depths and natural beauties, every corner of this city is full of secrets worth discovering. The mysterious past of Kyrenia offers a fascinating historical adventure with its historical buildings dating back to the Byzantine period and strategically important structures such as castles. Moreover, places to visit and activities to do in Kyrenia allow vacationers to discover both cultural and natural beauties. In this article, you will find in-depth information about Kyrenia's history, learn about the strategic importance of the castle and discover the various attractions and activities the region has to offer. Get ready for a journey that will enchant you with every aspect of Kyrenia.

Kyrenia's Mysterious Past

There is various information about the foundation of Kyrenia in different sources. Therefore, the exact date of the city's foundation cannot be clearly determined. However, some sources state that archaeological finds in the surrounding area indicate that Kyrenia has a history dating back to the 10th century BC. Another claim is that the Persian King Cyrus, who captured the island from the Egyptians, founded Kyrenia in the 6th century BC.

There are also different opinions about the foundation and name of Kyrenia. It is known that there was a great influx of population especially after the Trojan War and that Kyrenia was settled in this period. In the Lycophronas records dating back to 586 BC, it is stated that the city was founded by a leader named Kephas or Kepheas. This group from the Achea region of Greece settled Kyrenia in its present location. As an interesting detail, in 756 BC, there was also a city called "Kyrenia" in the Achea region.

The structures built during the Byzantine period were renovated and expanded during the Lusignan and Venetian periods, and new buildings were added during these periods. The main reason why Kyrenia Castle in particular has survived to the present day is the great importance the Venetians attached to naval defense and seafaring. The remains of fortifications around the city were built during the Lusignan period to protect the people of Kyrenia from external threats. However, with the invention of gunpowder, the strategic importance of these fortifications declined and their stones were used for new constructions. This rich history of Kyrenia over thousands of years provides clues as to why the city is so fascinating and mysterious today.

Kyrenia Castle and its Strategic Importance

Kyrenia Castle was built by the Byzantines in the 7th century to defend the city against Arab raids and has remained under the control of many civilizations for centuries as one of the strategic points of the island. Overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, it played an important role in both defense and trade. Located northeast of Kyrenia, the castle has a multi-layered structure with traces of Byzantine, Lusignan, Venetian, Ottoman and British periods.

The fact that the castle has been renovated and expanded many times throughout history has turned it into a structure that bears the traces of different civilizations like a time tunnel. During the Venetian period, the castle was strengthened, especially with the importance given to sea defense, and gained its present appearance. The Ottomans took over the castle without resistance after the Nicosia victory in 1570 and it remained under Ottoman rule for 300 years. The sarcophagus of Ottoman Admiral Sadık Pasha of Algiers is located at the entrance of the castle, emphasizing its historical importance. The additions made during the Ottoman period were removed during the British colonial period and the castle was used by the British as a prison and police school. There are various structures in the castle, including St. George's Church, Lusignan and Venetian towers, dungeons and cisterns. The dungeons are known for the tortures practiced during the Middle Ages and visitors have the opportunity to confront this dark past. Also, the Shipwreck Museum is a famous attraction, showcasing a ship that sank around 300 BC and is 2,300 years old. Kyrenia Castle is not only a defensive structure, but also one of the top tourist attractions today with its multi-layered historical and cultural heritage. The castle combines with the historical and natural beauty of Kyrenia, offering visitors the opportunity to enjoy both history and stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea.

Places to visit and activities to do in Kyrenia

Kyrenia, one of the most popular holiday centers of Northern Cyprus, is a destination that attracts attention with its natural beauties and historical richness. This district, which is flooded by local and foreign tourists every summer, offers an unforgettable experience to its holidaymakers with its luxury hotels, exquisite beaches and restaurants serving international cuisine. Kyrenia, with a population of approximately 65 thousand, is a paradise waiting to be discovered in every aspect. Here are the places to visit and activities to do in Kyrenia:

Bellapais Monastery

Bellapais Monastery, located approximately 5 kilometers east of Kyrenia district center, is one of the most important historical buildings of the region. Built in 1160, the monastery has witnessed many battles throughout history. The north of the building overlooks the sea and the south overlooks the mountains, offering visitors a unique natural beauty. The monastery can be visited between 08:00-18:00 from April to October and 08:00-15:30 from November to March, and admission is free. Concert events are also organized here at certain times of the year.

St. Hilarion Castle

Located on the Beşparmak Mountains 10 kilometers outside Kyrenia, St. Hilarion Castle fascinates visitors with its impressive height and historical importance. Built in 1191, the castle has one of the most beautiful views of the region with a height of about 700 meters. To reach the castle you have to climb approximately 480 steps, making your visit an adventurous one. Research on the castle reveals that the structure offers a panoramic view of Kyrenia and the surrounding villages.

Kyrenia Harbor

Kyrenia Port is located in the center of the district and is one of the attractions of the region. Restaurants, bars and other facilities around the harbor facilitate transportation both by sea and land. The harbor, where the Lusignan castle is located, was once used as a warehouse to ship goods to Anatolia and Europe. Today, the harbor offers various services to local and foreign boats and is very lively in terms of touristic activities.

Alagadi Turtle Beach

Alagadi Turtle Beach, one of the natural beauties of Kyrenia, is home to sea turtles. This beach, 15 kilometers from the district center, consists of two separate sections. In one part, people can swim, while in the other part there is a protected area for turtles to lay eggs. The beach has the status of a national park and at certain times of the year there are various events and information stands about turtles. Entrance is free and souvenirs related to turtles are sold around the beach.

Blue Pavilion

The Blue Pavilion, located 29 kilometers from Kyrenia district center, was built in 1957. Built by Greek Paulo of Italian origin, this mansion attracts attention with its mysterious structure. The architect of the building was killed so that he would not tell anyone the details of the mansion. Evacuated during the 1974 Peace Operation, the mansion is known as a structure that preserves its mystery and attracts the attention of visitors today.

Shipwreck Museum

The Shipwreck Museum, located near Kyrenia Harbor, exhibits a sunken ship dating back to 300 BC. The museum presents the process of recovering the ship from under the sea and other information about the ship. Information about the ship and 9000 almonds are stated at the entrance. There are also sections in the museum where a model of the ship and the materials that were transported are exhibited. Entrance to the museum is free of charge and it is an important point of visit for history lovers.

Places to visit for a day in Kyrenia

The historical and natural beauties in Kyrenia and the surrounding districts also make it suitable for day trips. Salamis Ancient City, Nicosia Long Road Street and Kantara Castle are ideal routes for those who want to explore the different villages of Cyprus. These spots offer the opportunity to experience the cultural and historical richness of Kyrenia's surroundings.